Problems on Noun

Noun tuh naon? Noun tuh kata benda. Beberapa jenis benda dapat dihitung jumlahnya, dan beberapa diantaranya gak bisa dihitung jumlahnya.

Benda yang dapat dihitung kita panggil “countable nouns”. Benda-benda yang gak bisa dihitung berarti “uncountable nouns” ya!

Uncountable nouns biasanya benda-benda yang tidak bisa diraba (beauty, dignity,etc), atau bisa diraba tapi sulit dicacahkan (water,fire,sugar, etc).

Yuk kita bahas satu persatu!!

·         Countable nouns

Bisa berbentuk singular (tunggal) maupun plural (jamak). Kita bisa nambahin satuan “a/an” dalam bentuk jamak “-s/-es” , itu semua tergantung jumlah bendanya ya. Missal:

“ I buy a book.”

“ I buy four books.”

Countable nouns bisa diberi kata sandang few/a few (sedikit), many (banyak) etc.

Missal:

“I have a few books.”

“There are a large number of students.”

COUMPOUND SENTENCES

Hello guys, umm kali ini saya pengin membahas coumpound sentences. Apaan tuh? Itu loh kalo misalnya kita punya dua kalimat dengan bagian yang sama trus digabungin jadi satu, namanya coumpund sentences. Terus digabunginnya pake apa? Ya pake kata sambung dong..! yuk yak yuk kita lihat contohnya!

·         Both..and..

Joko drinks juice. (kal.1)

Minah drinks juice. (kal.2)

Jadi, “Both Joko and Minah drinks juice.”

Dah paham belum? Kasih satu contoh lagi deehh.

I hate carrot. I hate tomato. (kalimat satu dan dua dipisah dgn titik)

Jadi , “I hate both carrot and tomato.”

So, arti dari keduanya, adalah :

-          Joko dan Minah minum jus.

-          Saya benci  wortel dan tomat.

Modals

Modals? Pernah denger “can, will, should etc.” pada suatu kalimat? Nah itulah modals, yaitu bagian dari kelompok kata kerja bantu (auxiliary verbs). Kata kerja setelah modals selalu berbentuk kata kerja asli (infinitive without to).

Modals tuh ada bermacam-macam fungsinya. Saya sebutin ya!

1.       Will digunakan untuk menyatakan permohonan atau keinginan yang akan dilakukan saat kini atau mendatang.

·         I will give you my book.

Saya akan memberikanmu buku ku.

·         Will you teach me how to cook?

Akan kah kau mengajariku cara memasak?

2.       Would adalah lampaunya ‘will’ jadi ‘would’ digunakan dalam kalimat past tense (lampau). Would menyatakan permohonan/ keinginan. Namun, bermakna lebih sopan dari ‘will’.

·         I would like to apologize for my mistakes.

Saya ingin meminta maaf atas kesalahan ku.

·         Would you bring me home?

Maukah kau membawa ku pulang?

3.       Can digunakan untuk menyatakan kemampuan (ability), permohonan atau pun izin.

Contoh :

Two-Part (Phrasal) Verbs (Idioms)

Many verbs in English are followed by an adverb or a preposition (also called a particle), and these two-part verbs, also called phrasal verbs, are different from verbs with helpers. The particle that follows the verb changes the meaning of the phrasal verb in idiomatic ways:

drop off - decline gradually
The hill dropped off near the river

drop off(2) - fall asleep
While doing his homework, he dropped off.

drop off(3) - stop and give something to someone
Would you drop this off at the post office?

drop out - cease to participate
After two laps, the runner dropped out.

Some particles can be separated from the verb so that a noun or pronoun can be inserted, and some particles can't be separated from the verb

Relative Pronouns

The most common relative pronouns are who/whom, whoever/whomever, whose, that,and which. (Please note that in certain situations, "what," "when," and "where" can function as relative pronouns.) Relative pronouns introduce relative clauses, which are a type of dependent clause. Relative clauses modify a word, phrase, or idea in the main clause. The word, phrase, or idea modified is called the antecedent. In the following examples, that and whom modify the subject:

The house that Jack built is large.

The professor, whom I respect, recently received tenure.

The type of clause determines what kind of relative pronoun to use. Generally, there are two types of relative clauses: restrictive (defining) clause and non-restrictive (non-defining) clause. In both types of clauses, the relative pronoun can function as a subject, an object, or a possessive pronoun ("whose").

Relative pronouns in restrictive relative clauses

Relative pronouns that introduce a restrictive relative clause ARE NOT separated from the main clause by a comma. Restrictive relative clauses (also known as defining relative clauses) add essential information about the antecedent in the main clause. The information is crucial for understanding the sentence's meaning correctly and cannot be omitted. In other words, without the restrictive relative clause, the sentence does not make sense. 

The table below sums up the use of relative pronouns in restrictive relative clauses:

Function in the sentence	Reference to
	People	Things / concepts	Place	Time	Explanation
Subject	who, that	which, that
Object	(that, who, whom)*	(which, that)*	where	when	what/why
Possessive	whose	whose, of which

Examples